OldActiveDirectory

This page is for describing the migration and current setup of the Active Directory domain at UCC.

The Active Directory domain at UCC will be ad.ucc.gu.uwa.edu.au, and the domain name is UCCDOMAYNE. The primary DNS server for domain is samson.ucc.gu.uwa.edu.au. The primary DC for domain is also samson.ucc.gu.uwa.edu.au, and a second DC is samurai.ucc.gu.uwa.edu.au.

Diagnostics

Sometimes group memberships don't seem to be updated, this can often be fixed by clearing the cache:

sss_cache -E if using sssd
net cache flush if using winbind
Or if the above fails to have an effect, try rejoining to the domain using the instructions below.

Upgrade/Setup Process

Domain Controllers

ad.ucc.gu.uwa.edu.au is delegated using separate zones in Mooneye's /etc/bind/named.conf.local

Samson's domain is set up by:

apt install samba chrony krb5-user sssd sssd-ad sssd-krb5 sssd-tools libpam-krb5 libpam-sss libnss-sss
Disable the systemd units for the non-DC setup & default configuration:

systemctl stop smbd
systemctl stop nmbd
systemctl stop winbind
systemctl disable smbd
systemctl disable nmbd
systemctl disable winbind
rm /etc/samba/smb.conf

If upgrading from the old NT domain do:

scp root@molmol:/usr/local/etc/smb4.conf /opt/smb.conf.pdc
scp root@molmol:/var/db/samba4/\*.tdb /opt/samba-db/
scp root@molmol:/var/db/samba4/private/\*.tdb /opt/samba-db/
Change "UCCDOMAIN" to "UCCDOMAYNE" and Mussel's hostname to an IP address in /opt/smb.conf.pdc
Comment out the ZFS-specific entries in /opt/smb.conf.pdc.
samba-tool domain classicupgrade --use-xattrs=yes --realm adtest.ucc.gu.uwa.edu.au --dbdir=/opt/samba-db --dns-backend=SAMBA_INTERNAL --verbose /opt/smb.conf.pdc

Otherwise when adding additional DC's to an existing domain:

Set the following settings in /etc/krb5.conf:

   [libdefaults]
        default_realm = ad.ucc.gu.uwa.edu.au
        dns_lookup_realm = false
        dns_lookup_kdc = true

verify kerberos with: kinit <username>
join the domain with: samba-tool domain join ad.ucc.gu.uwa.edu.au DC -U"UCCDOMAYNE\username" --dns-backend=SAMBA_INTERNAL --option='idmap_ldb:use rfc2307 = yes'
- You may see an error saying something about DNS not being configured, you can probably ignore it.
replicate the SYSVOL directory to the new DC, then fix the permissions with: samba-tool ntacl sysvolreset
start the samba service, the service may have a different name depending on the samba version used.

  service samba-ad-dc enable
  service samba-ad-dc start

For all domain controllers

copy /etc/nsswitch.conf and /etc/sssd/sssd.conf from another domain controller
enable sssd auth in pam via pam-auth-update
DO NOT use winbind on a Domain controller, it sucks formultiple reasons.

Windows systems

Just join them to the domain. Doesn't look like you need to create a machine account before joining?

Linux systems

Automatically using realmd

Thanks to realmd, joining machines to the domain is extremely simple.

Install packages: apt install realmd
Test to make sure you can connect to the domain: realm discover ad.ucc.gu.uwa.edu.au

This should produce output similar to the following:

ad.ucc.gu.uwa.edu.au                                                                                                  
  type: kerberos                                                                                                      
  realm-name: AD.UCC.GU.UWA.EDU.AU                                                                                    
  domain-name: ad.ucc.gu.uwa.edu.au                                                                                   
  configured: no                                                                                                      
  server-software: active-directory                                                                                   
  client-software: sssd                                                                                               
  required-package: sssd-tools                                                                                        
  required-package: sssd                                                                                              
  required-package: libnss-sss                                                                                        
  required-package: libpam-sss           
  required-package: adcli                  
  required-package: samba-common-bin

Join to the domain using realm join -v -U <user> ad.ucc.gu.uwa.edu.au
- realmd defaults to using sssd, which is fine
- It installs any necessary packages.
- IT JUST WORKS!!
  - Except for two things:
    - comment the line use_fully_qualified_names = True in /etc/sssd/sssd.conf (prefix with a #)
    - Set ldap_id_mapping = False (fixes UID mappings)
  - Then it works!
Done.

Manual Method

Based on the instructions from https://wiki.samba.org/index.php/Setting_up_Samba_as_a_Domain_Member and https://wiki.samba.org/index.php/Authenticating_Domain_Users_Using_PAM Before configuring the domain ensure the following:

Install the required packages: apt install samba winbind krb5-user libpam-krb5 libpam-winbind libnss-winbind
Ensure the system is configured according to the SOE.
edit /etc/krb5.conf to point to the new domain:

   [libdefaults]
        default_realm = ad.ucc.gu.uwa.edu.au
        dns_lookup_realm = false
        dns_lookup_kdc = true

Make the following /etc/samba/smb.conf:

[global]
# Configure the domain infomation
        security = ads
        realm = ad.ucc.gu.uwa.edu.au
        workgroup = UCCDOMAYNE

# use winbind to map users and groups
        winbind enum users = yes
        winbind enum groups = yes
        winbind use default domain = yes
        kerberos method = secrets and keytab

#Config gid/sid mapping based on AD attributes
        winbind nss info = rfc2307

        idmap config * : backend = tdb
        idmap config * : range = 13000-17999
        
        #idmap config for UCCDOMAYNE
        idmap config UCCDOMAYNE:backend = ad
        idmap config UCCDOMAYNE:schema_mode = rfc2307
        idmap config UCCDOMAYNE:range = 1-999999
        idmap config UCCDOMAYNE:unix_nss_info = yes
        idmap config UCCDOMAYNE:unix_primary_group = yes

Join the machine to the domain with: net ads join -U <username>.
configure pam using pam-auth-update and enable Winbind NT/AD authentication.
configure nsswitch.conf

# /etc/nsswitch.conf
#
# Example configuration of GNU Name Service Switch functionality.
# If you have the `glibc-doc-reference' and `info' packages installed, try:
# `info libc "Name Service Switch"' for information about this file.

passwd:         compat winbind
group:          compat winbind
shadow:         files
gshadow:        files

hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns
networks:       files

protocols:      db files
services:       db files 
ethers:         db files
rpc:            db files

netgroup:       nis

start the services:
```
winbindd
nmbd
smbd
```
Make sure the computer can fetch the domain users and groups with:
```
wbinfo -g` and `wbinfo -u`
```

Things using LDAP

Anything that needs to bind to ldap to get a list of users can no longer do so anonymously. Encryption is still required. In AD, create a new bind user for the service called bind-<servicename>, put it in the Service Accounts group, and remove it from the Domain Users group. Then you can use this user to bind to the server.

Converted systems

Windows desktops
Linux desktops
Linux servers
- Motsugo
- Merlo
- Mooneye
FreeBSD servers
- Molmol
Webmail?
Adduser scripts
Proxmox
RADIUS (VPN & wireless)
Windows server (Maaxen)
Mail delivery (dovecot)

Unconverted systems

Linux servers
- Mussel
Other machines
FreeBSD servers
- Musdea
Solaris machines
Mac machines
Mail delivery (postfix, procmail, all that fun stuff)